The Islamic wall was built in the eleventh century under the reign of Abd al-Aziz and is described by the geographer al-Udri as one of the most perfect in Al-Andalus. In many parts of the city there are remains of the Muslim wall, which present an unequal level of integrity as they are exposed, embedded between the party walls of the houses or in the basement, and which also show different formal characteristics depending on the historical moment in which they were erected. This is because the walled enclosure is not a unitary work but the result of constructive interventions undertaken between the eleventh century and the first decades of the thirteenth and motivated by various defensive and urban reasons.

The route ran from Plaça del Temple to the towers of Serranos where it turned south into the current streets of Les Roques, Plaça dels Furs, crossing Roteros Street went towards Plaza del Angel, Calle Beneyto y Coll, continued along Calle Mare Vella towards Calle Salinas crossing Calle de Caballeros, passed through La Bolsería towards Calle San Vicente through Calle de las Mantes and Calle del Trench. It continued along Manyans Street, Moratín streets towards the University to turn towards the University to turn towards Trinquet de Cavallers Street and from there to Temple Square. It had several gates which, following the same previous layout, would be: "Bab ibn Sahar", "Bab al-Warraq", "Bab al-Qantara", "Bab al-Hanax", "Bab al-Qaysariyya", "Bab Baytala" and "Bab al-Sharia".

Currently, remains of this wall are preserved, embedded in the plot and inside buildings in use. Thus, in Carrer de les Roques, on the corner of Blanquerías, there is a tower and part of the canvas up to the height of the battlements. There are also visible remains in buildings of the Plaza de los Fueros, in Palomino street square with Roteros street, the already known Angel tower, declared BIC, the tower of Mare Vella street, the canvas where the Portal de Valldigna opens (opened in 1400) the tower of Salines street 5 together with a fragment of the wall canvas. Continuing along the route, you can see part of the wall with two towers on Carrer de Cavallers 36 and 38, then passing the Tossal Gallery with another square tower belonging to a corner gate

and, continuing along Plaça del Forn de Sant Nicolás, where another tower and canvas are preserved, we arrive behind the Llotja de la Seda to C/ Sant Ferran and Plaça Mariano Benlliure 8, where the canvas and a square tower have been highlighted. Continuing along Trànsits street we find another fragment of the wall and already on the layout on the east side, another square tower has been discovered in the building of the Literary University. Archaeologically, another section was located at the confluence of C/ Comèdies with C/ del Mar, as well as in C/ Trinquet de Cavallers, 10. Finally, an extensive piece of wall and tower has been put into value in the building at 14 Almirall Street and another fragment of canvas is currently being excavated in the building of the Palace of the Temple.

The wall is built of concrete tapestry, with boxes 90 cm high, set on foundations of variable depth, from just over one meter to almost five, probably due to differences in the solidity of the land. The layout of the different sections tends to be straight, sometimes with hardly any deviation for hundreds of meters, sacrificing when necessary the level level. Every 30-33 m there were ultra-semicircular towers built of regular masonry on its external face and filled with concrete, whose height should not be less than 14 m. They were solid up to the adarb, although it is likely that they had a hollow body before the terrace, as can be seen in the tower preserved at 36 Carrer Cavallers. The wall was preceded by a moat or fence. The decoration of the front of the towers is interesting, small grey or black stones embedded in the joint between the masonry stones, a technique reminiscent of that documented in other parts of the peninsula of embedding iron slag in the sores of
masonry
.

In the second half of the twelfth century a modification of the eastern flank of the wall was carried out, which until that moment used the old Roman circus as a limit. Most of the eastern stand was then demolished, respecting only the outer wall, to which was attached a wall built in concrete tapestry and with a thickness of 1.90-2.25 m. The new wall was equipped with square towers, built in earthen tapial on concrete foundation, with a separation between one and the other of 22.5 m.

Several elements were added to this walled enclosure in late times to reinforce its defensive capacity. The most notorious was the barbican, which had to surround it completely. It consisted of an outer wall of concrete tapestry, which served as a parapet, and a second wall, attached at the back, made of tapial with mortar crust and interior filling of compacted earth, with a variable width between 1'80 and 2'20 m. At the base of the sill there were holes that crossed it, inclined to the outside, and that must be interpreted as lancers. The barbican had to be built wedged between the wall and the moat that surrounded it, a very narrow space in some sections. The width of the line between the wall and the barbican is therefore very variable, between 2'80 and 4'25 m, but at the height of the towers it is less than one meter, and, sometimes, it was even necessary to reduce the thickness of the antewall to allow a minimally operational passage.

Likewise, on the southern flank a concrete outer lining of 1.20 m was added, which considerably expanded the thickness of the wall and towers. In addition, angled reinforcements were built in the corners, made with calicostrated earth tapestry.


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